qatar death penalty method

Then, at the warden's signal, a curtain is raised exposing the prisoner to the witnesses in an adjoining room. Carried out using a large cauldron filled with water, oil, tar, tallow, or even molten lead. In recent months, workers have been sent home in large numbers without being paid, with activists concerned this is to erase their presence before the worlds media and spectators arrive. Why is the Qatar FIFA World Cup so controversial? These latest findings on Qatar are part of our wider Mapping Death Row project which we are compiling on the prevalence and experiences of foreign nationals under sentence of death, or executed, in the Middle East and Asia between 2016 and 2021. Nepal, for example, derivesa quarterof its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from remittances. The completed 80,000-seats Lusail Stadium where the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 final will be staged. Extrajudicial executions and killings are not included. One such tragic example includes the case of a Filipina migrant domestic worker who was executed in 2017, and whose embassy was only made aware of her execution the day before. Arguably, protest action should also focus on this invisible death row population of migrant workers, many of whom are victims of trafficking, labour abuse, torture in detention and ultimately, for some, wrongful conviction. Updated 20:02, 4 JUN 2022 England fans are facing the death penalty in Qatar if they smuggle in cocaine (Image: SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images) England fans could face the death penalty if they are caught smuggling cocaine to the World Cup in Qatar. Following the release of the Amnesty International annual death penalty report, we take a look at five widely used execution methods. But one death penalty expert, Daniel Pascoe, believes it has some of the most secretive and prolific death penalty jurisdictions in the world. As Acharya discovered: These workers are very unhappy that they worked a lot, they worked hard to make this tournament possible. Our research suggests that, even when notified, some embassies may not be forthcoming in assisting their nationals who are facing criminal charges. Crimes punishable by death in Qatar - Sheen Services / Qatar's death Parricide, murder by poisoning, explosion, murder of a public employee or murder aggravated by another offense carries the death penalty. Acharya argues that people in Nepal are waiting for some recognition of the sacrifice that so many of their friends and families have made. The mass run of 81 individuals, Saudi real non-Saudi citizens, on Saturday signals an appalling escalation in Saudia Arabia's use von the death sanction, Books International said today, bringing the country's tabulation of executions to 92 so far in 2022 alone. 520 executions were recorded in seven countriesEgypt, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates and Yemen an increase of 19% on 2020. Astonishingly, Qatar has the highest ratio of migrants to citizens in the world: migrant workers make up 94% of the countrys labour force and 86% of the total population. Figures for North Korea and Viet Nam, which are believed to have extensively resorted to executions, were also not included in the global executions figure, as secrecy and lack of access to independent information made it impossible to assess trends. 55 countries still retained the death penalty. In Bahrain, we recorded 17 foreign nationals on death row for homicide during this period from nations such as Bangladesh, Nepal and the Philippines, all of whom were male. At least 819 new death sentences were handed down in 16 countries, a rise of 58% compared to 2020 (517), largely linked to increases in Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Pakistan and Viet Nam. Most of the other death penalty cases we found were in Saudi Arabia, where drug offences account for around 60% (221 cases out of 385) of all foreign national death sentences. 2021. Death Penalty 2022 These latest findings on Qatar are part of our widerMapping Death Row projectwhich we are compiling on the prevalence and experiences of foreign nationals under sentence of death, or executed, in the Middle East and Asia between 2016 and 2021. Qatar had never used flogging or stoning sentences, and had repealed a law permitting stoning. The Nepali Foreign Employment Board manages a fund of 6 billion rupees (38 million), to be used for the assistance of migrant workers where required. International Labour Organisation (ILO) in Nepal, Human Rights Watch and Justice Project Pakistan, European Saudi Organization for Human Rights (ESOHR), no prospect of the migrant gaining citizenship, Bayern Munich and Qatar decide not to renew contentious sponsorship deal, Qatar sovereign wealth fund buys stake in Washington's NBA, NHL and WNBA teams: Report, Explained: How justice eludes migrant workers on deathrowinQatar. Others are calling for something visible at the tournament itself. He was from the village of Aurahi in the Mahottari district of Nepal, a region with the second-largest source of migrant labour in the country, characterised by some as a placewhere the streets have no men, a consequence of many unskilled migrants travelling to Gulf states. While we do not know all of the details of the circumstances of his offence, every defendant, regardless of the severity of the alleged crime, should be afforded a fair legal defence Chaudhary was not. Under sharia law there are three categories of crime, qesas, hudud and taazir. A workers legal status in the host country is dependent on their employment and relationship with their kafeel. These include inadequate access to legal counsel and legal assistance in a language that the defendant can understand (which is particularly relevant to foreign nationals); restrictions on defendants ability to address the courts; and the use of trials in absentia. As the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty and The Advocates for Human Rights have noted: Recent history suggests that a migrant worker may be more likely to be sentenced to death and executed for killing a Qatari national, as opposed to a non-citizen, suggesting that some lives matter more than others. Before modern times, sayak (, ) was the method used for nobles (. However, this request was bounced back and forth between the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to the Ministry of Labour who then sent it to the Foreign Employment Board, wasting precious time. Thailand continued to commute death sentences. This fund is financed by the migrant workers themselves, who are required to contribute as a condition of their foreign employment permit from Nepal. These people were predominantly from Yemen, Pakistan, the Philippines and Egypt. lire aussi : The rest of the Americas region remained execution-free for the 13th consecutive year. R.D. Under sharia law there arethree categories of crime,qesas,hududandtaazir. Qatar - WCADP | Qatar's death row and the invisible migrant workforce After the prisoner is shaved and strapped to a chair, a metal skullcap-shaped electrode is attached to their scalp and forehead over a sponge moistened with saline. Airway bill of landing ; Ticket for deceased and accompanying passenger(s) Nepal, for example, derives a quarter of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from remittances. A mass execution of 24 people in Syria in October made the country the fifth biggest recorded executor in 2021. Likewise, two Bahraini men were sentenced to death for terrorism in Saudi Arabia in 2021, and it is reported that they were subjected to torture and ill-treatment and not appointed a lawyer until after their trial sessions had begun. Astonishingly, Qatar has the highest ratio of migrants to citizens in the world: migrant workers make up 94% of the countrys labour force and86% of the total population. Qatar - World Coalition Against the Death Penalty He was executed by firing squad in May 2020 bringing an end to a 20-year hiatus on the death penalty in Qatar. For example, the case ofJakatia Pawa, who was executed in 2017 after being accused of killing her employers daughter, even though her DNA did not match that found at the scene. Up to 20 feet away, the shooters, usually no less than five of them, aim for the prisoners heart. The majority (some 89%) were male. It is thought that this is because of foreign states interest in maintaining their economic relationships with Gulf countries and that the remittances sent home by hundreds of thousands of such workers every month may be more important for the country than the protection of an individual citizen at risk of burdening therelations with the host country. Qatar. If they leave their employment without permission from their employer, or stay in the country past the duration of their temporary visa, they face fines, detention, deportation and a ban on re-entry. Family members in Ghodghans, Nepal, in March 2022 mourning Kripal Mandal, a labourer who died at the age of 39 in Qatar. Execution by firing squad typically involves the prisoner being bound to a chair (sitting) or a pole (standing), with a black hood pulled over their head. Our new evidence also shows that the capital crimes for which migrant workers are convicted across the Gulf region as a whole are inextricably connected to their precarious migratory and economic situations. Amnesty International launched campaigns in light of these events and has done so for theQatar World Cup too. See also Capital punishment in Judaism References If the rope is too long, the inmate could be decapitated, and if it is too short, death by strangulation could take as long as 45 minutes. Crimes punishable by death in Saudi Arabia include: adultery, blasphemy, fornication, homosexuality and sorcery. The long drop is the most commonly used hanging method. Just like the lethal injection, the electric chair is far from foolproof. 108countries, a majority of the worlds states, had abolished the death penalty in law for all crimes and144countries had abolished the death penalty in law or practice. But less is known about the death penalty in this jurisdiction, and how capital punishment intersects with the issue of migrant worker abuse. Qatar ended a two-decade hiatus on the use of capital punishment last annual, putting to death an Nepali migrant operative, it emergence Wednesdays include a . Explainers Explained: How justice eludes migrant workers on death row in Qatar In Qatar, which is hosting the FIFA World Cup 2022, there are hundreds of migrant workers who are arrested, detained or pending trial for a death sentence. But one death penalty expert,Daniel Pascoe, believes it has some of the most secretive and prolific death penalty jurisdictions in the world. In Saudi Arabia, drug trafficking accounts for the disproportionate number of Pakistanis subject to capital punishment, with more Pakistani citizens executed annually than any other foreign nationality, most for heroin smuggling. Smaller numbers (less than 10 per category) of foreign nationals were sentenced for other crimes such as child rape, robbery, adultery, terrorism and kidnapping. Carolyn Hoyle receives funding from the ESRC. Infamous as a method of execution for. Execution by drowning is attested very early in history, by a large variety of cultures, and as the method of execution for many different offences. Sounds pretty scientific, doesnt it? Capital punishment by country - Wikipedia Updated Date: It is thought that migrant workers are much less likely tobenefit from blood moneyas they are unlikely to be able to afford the payment. This figure does not reflect the many death sentences that were believed to have been imposed in Iran. Maids are also at times seen as convenient scapegoats upon which to place blame for a murder committed by someone else. Under Qatari law, for example, only Qatari lawyers can represent defendants, and thus foreign defendants are not able to hire a lawyer from their own country, who would know their language and be better acquainted with their situation. He was from the village of Aurahi in the Mahottari district of Nepal, a region with the second-largest source of migrant labour in the country, characterised by some as a place where the streets have no men, a consequence of many unskilled migrants travelling to Gulf states. The Insights team generates long-form journalism and is working with academics from different backgrounds who have been engaged in projects to tackle societal and scientific challenges. There has been little death penalty research in the Gulf. As Qatar moves into the spotlight as the host of the FIFA World Cup, so too, should its human rights record. Cutting the skin of the victim by the spine, breaking the ribs so they resembled blood-stained wings, and pulling the lungs out through the wounds in the victim's back. While we do not know all of the details of the circumstances of his offence, every defendant, regardless of the severity of the alleged crime, should be afforded a fair legal defence Chaudhary was not. In some countries prisoners are weighed the day before their execution to determine the length of drop necessary to ensure a quick death. Now they are left destitute, as are many whose family members never return from the Gulf. Some migrant workers are more vulnerable than others especially domestic workers who work in the unregulated domestic sphere, not covered by labour laws. Of the 21, only three cases involved Qatari nationals and only one involved a woman (who was accused of murder). Our new datareveals that between 2016 and 2021 at least 21 people were under sentence of death in Qatar. Migrant workers are not able to join trade unions or strike. The case of Chaudhary is one such example. In December 2017, male Nepalese migrant worker Anil Chaudhary was sentenced to death for murdering a Qatari. Other NGOs told us that the embassies argue they are understaffed and underfunded as well as poorly coordinated. Droits d'auteur 20102023, The Conversation France (assoc. Qatar does not limit the death penalty to the most serious crimes, it is not taking steps toward a de jure moratorium on executions or ratification of the Second Optional Protocol, and it does not ensure that defendants in capital cases . The remaining murder cases involved one Tunisian man, and two defendants where the nationalities were unknown. Arguably, protest action should also focus on this invisible death row population of migrant workers, many of whom are victims of trafficking, labour abuse, torture in detention and ultimately, for some, wrongful conviction. Qatar's compliance with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights regarding its use of the death penalty. These include inadequate access to legal counsel and legal assistance in a language that the defendant can understand (which is particularly relevant to foreign nationals); restrictions on defendants ability to address the courts; and the use of trials in absentia. We found fewer cases in the remaining two jurisdictions. This fund is financed by the migrant workers themselves, who are required to contribute as a condition of their foreign employment permit from Nepal. The number of executions, recorded in 3 countries, more than doubled to 33, as a result of rises in Somalia and South Sudan. The case of Chaudhary is one such example. In Chaudharys case, the Nepali Embassy in Doha found this rule to be a major barrier to ensuring he was well-represented, as it was difficult to find a Qatari lawyer who was ready to defend a foreigner accused of killing a Qatari national. Amnesty International recorded 2,052death sentences imposed in56countries, up 39% from at least1,477in 54 countries in 2020. The issue of the lack of consular notification and the vulnerability of foreign national defendants is apparent across the Gulf. The condemned, who is blindfolded, handcuffed and often given a sedative, typically wears white as does the executioner. Subscribe to our newsletter. Similarly,Human Rights Watch and Justice Project Pakistanfound that Pakistanimigrant workers in Saudi Arabiadid not seek consular assistance when faced with criminal charges, because they did not believe Pakistani officials would offer any assistance, and they did not want to waste limited money on such phone calls. International and American Methods of Execution - Death Penalty - Pros [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] What is more, for foreign nationals facing murder charges, the nationality of the victim may be pertinent. This concerning trend has been reported on elsewhere in the region, for example, a report by Human Rights Watch and Justice Project Pakistan suggested that labour recruitment agencies in Pakistan may be involved in drug trafficking, exposing Pakistani migrant workers to risks of incarceration and execution. This page was last edited on 19 June 2023, at 01:44. World Cup 2022: what the dream of football success means to migrants. UN calls on Qatar to reform workers rights, abolish death penalty Here, seven were male and five were female this jurisdiction highlights the phenomenon of domestic workers facing the death penalty after acting in self-defence against their employer. Chaudhary is just one of an invisible migrant workforce who are deemed unworthy of due process. Despite these increases, the 2021 global executions figure constitutes the second-lowest figure recorded by Amnesty International since at least 2010. Notably used by. In Dialogue with Qatar, Experts of the Human Rights Committee Commend At least 5,843 people were held under a sentence of death, with Nigeria holding 52% of them (at least 3,036). Beheading as a form of execution is routine in Saudi Arabia. Many were from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, with 82% being male. These conditions place workers in a situation that is tantamount to forced labour. In 1990, Jesse Joseph Tafero suffered three jolts of electricity before he stop breathing. Information on Viet Nam, which is very likely to have carried out such executions, was unavailable. Security & Customs | Hamad International Airport Similarly, Human Rights Watch and Justice Project Pakistan found that Pakistani migrant workers in Saudi Arabia did not seek consular assistance when faced with criminal charges, because they did not believe Pakistani officials would offer any assistance, and they did not want to waste limited money on such phone calls. This example underscores the vital role that consulates can play in assisting their nationals facing a death sentence abroad if given the opportunity. Though executions are rare, those under sentence of death suffer greatly because of death row phenomenon recognised in international case law as the psychological impact of languishing on death row, which amounts to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. A workers legal status in the host country is dependent on their employment and relationship with theirkafeel. At the security check, your hand-baggage is screened. As the kick off to the World Cup approached, there were reports of workers being sacked after a circular was issued by the Qatari government urging companies to reduce the number of migrant workers in the country before the games started. The number of death sentences passed in Qatar is slowly increasing; since 2020 at least four people have been sentenced to death per year, as compared to one or two death sentences per year in previous years. There has been little death penalty research in the Gulf. Taken together, all of these stories reveal the particular difficulties that migrant workers across the Gulf face. Damning evidencehas emerged about the abuse of migrant workers, particularly those working on the World Cup infrastructure, who have died because of extreme working and living conditions (typically from heat, exhaustion, insufficient food and water, inadequate medical provision, and poor safety regulations). Amnesty International recorded one execution and one new death sentence, both in Belarus, which remains the only country in the region carrying out executions. But, Chaudhary was unable to benefit from this practice, as his victims family refused to accept compensation. Nepalis are aware of the high death rate, as one man who frequently travels to Qatar described to us: Every time you land in Nepal, a few coffins are taken off the plane first. Indeed, Nepali politicianshave reportedthat three to four Nepalis arrive home incoffins from the Gulfevery day. This botched execution was put down to inadvertent human error with the inappropriate substitution of a synthetic sponge for a natural one. We also found 130 foreign nationals under sentence of death or executed for homicide in Saudi Arabia during this period (which constitutes 34% of the total foreign nationals facing the death penalty in this jurisdiction for all crimes). . Conversely, in another case involving a Filipina domestic worker who was sentenced to death in UAE in 2014 after killing her employer in self-defence against sexual assault, she received assistance from her embassy in lodging her appeal and they were instrumental in securing heracquittal in 2017. In Chaudharys case, the Nepali Embassy in Doha found this rule to be a major barrier to ensuring he was well-represented, as it was difficult to find a Qatari lawyer who was ready to defend a foreigner accused of killing a Qatari national. But less is known about the death penalty in this jurisdiction, and how capital punishment intersects with the issue of migrant worker abuse. According to media reports, the judge refused to hear any testimony from the maid herself and the embassy were only told of her impending execution on the day it was carried out. At the end of 2021, at least 28,670 people were known to be under sentence of death. Amnesty International launched campaigns in light of these events and has done so for the Qatar World Cup too. WARNING: This website may contain images or names of people who have passed away. The majority (some 89%) were male. Hangin g Bangladesh, Botswana, Egypt, India, Iran, Iraq, South Sudan, Syria Lethal Injection China, United States, Vietnam Shooting China, Iran, North Korea, Oman, Qatar, Somalia, Taiwan, Yeman US States Legal Methods of Execution Qatar - WCADP / Human rights in Qatar - Wikipedia Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a state -sanctioned practice of killing a person as a punishment for a crime. They face practical barriers such as their inability to speak the language of their interrogators and jailors, being far from their social and economic support networks, and being unaware of their rights in an alien criminal justice system.

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